Describe about Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TCP/IP full form is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which is a set of rules for communication or data transmission between nodes on the internet or any other digital network. TCP/IP was designed to unify diverse networks, and to do so has a flat model rather than the hierarchical model of previous protocols.
TCP/IP is the protocol that most computer networks use to communicate with each other because it routes data regardless of the type of underlying media. It’s also used by application programs, and enables end-to-end communication from one device to another over an interconnected set of networks.
How does it work?
TCP/IP treats every packet of data as an independent unit. It’s a set of rules that determine what action to take with each individual packet, and how they are to be handled. Individual computers are identified by their local IP addresses; the packets are addressed by their respective ports, which relate to the physical interface. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol provides a connection-oriented service that sends a packet from source to destination. It ensures reliable delivery of the data packets by controlling the rendering of them undamaged. So it can re-transmit them when encountered any problem during transmission.
What are the Four Layers of TCP/IP?
TCP/IP full form is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, it is composed of four layers: the physical layer, the data link layer, the network layer, and the transport layer. It is this layering that gives TCP/IP its flexibility and ease of extensibility. The physical layer is concerned with transmitting bits over the network at the lowest possible level.The data link network layer handles issues such as transmission errors, priority handling and flow control for messages moving through different nodes. The transport layer provides mechanisms for segments to be split into packets and reassembled into mail messages before being transmitted in an efficient manner.